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- NOTES ON TESTIMONY BY M.KAPOR TO THE HOUSE COMMITTEE ON SCIENCE, SPACE
- AND TECNOLOGY RE:NSFNET AND FUTURE OF THE NREN (3/12/92)
-
- Thank you very much for the opportunity to testify. I am here today in 2
- capacities: As President of the Electronic Frontier Foundation, a public
- interest advocacy organization promoting the democratic potential of new
- computer and communications technologies, and as Chairman as the commercial
- Internet Exchange, or CIX, a trade association of commercial
- internetworking carriers, which represents one-third of the several million
- user Internet -- or interim NREN as it is becoming known. As you may know,
- I am also the founder of Lotus Development Corporation and the designer of
- Lotus 1-2-3, which has played a seminal role in the emergence of the 100
- billion dollar personal computer industry.
-
- To frame my remarks, let me begin by saying that we fully support the NREN
- legislation which is designed to develop computer networks which will link
- research and education institutions,. government, and industry. Among the
- chief goals of the NREN are:
- expanding the number of users on the network, avoiding the creation
- of information have and have-nots
- providing enhanced access to electronic information resources
- supporting the free flow of ideas
- promoting R&D for the purpose of developing commercial data
- communications
-
- The Internet, as it evolves into the NREN, serves a vital testbed for the
- eventual development of a ubiquitous national public networking. In that
- context, the problems I wish to address today should be seen as the normal
- growth pains of an experiment which has already succeeded far beyond the
- wildest imagination of its creators.
-
- Problem #1:
- The NSF-imposed Acceptable Use Policy is hindering the developing of
- information services which would serve the R&E community and others.
-
- The AUP attempts to define limitations on the type of traffic which can
- flow on the network. However, there is no agreement in practice about how
- to apply the AUP. Businesses which might wish to operate on the net to
- provide services however are reluctant to do so because they perceive
- restriction and uncertainty. User should be able to order technical and
- books and journals on-line from publishers and vendors. Users should be
- able to consult commercial on-line databases to aid in their research.
- Until there is a stable climate in which providers can be secure that they
- are not violating policies, they will stay away.
-
- Therefore, the NSF should be directed to modify or drop the AUP to permit
- innovation in information services to develop at its maximum course through
- the commercial sector.
-
- Problem #2:
- The current arrangements between NSF, Merit, and ANS, while
- well-intentioned, have created a tilt in the competitive playing field.
-
- ANS enjoys certain exclusive rights through its relationship with NSF to
- carry commercial traffic across the NSFNET. This has introduced
- significant marketplace distortions in the ability of other competitive
- private carriers to compete for business, as you have heard.
-
- The Science Board should therefore be directed to reconsider its decision
- to extend the current arrangement by up to 18 months. The arrangement by
- which ANS simultaneously provides network services for NSF and operates its
- own commercial network over the same facility must be brought to an
- orderly, but rapid, close.
-
- Problem #3:
- The current basic approaches to funding of network services by NSF and to
- network architecture as a whole have ceased to be the most efficient and
- most appropriate methodologies. The time has come to move on.
-
- The historical and current funding model has been to subsidize network
- providers at the national and regional level. We need to move to a
- situation in which individual education and research institutions receive
- funds through which they purchase network services from the private sector.
-
- The historical network architecture model has operated through a
- centralized, subsidized backbone network. We longer need this for the
- day-to-day production network which serves the overwhelming majority of
- users of the system. Instead we should move to a system of interconnected
- private national carriers.
-
- If industry knows that there is an open and fair opportunity to compete to
- provide network connections and services to the research and education
- community, it will supply as much T-1 and T-3 connectivity as is needed,
- more cheaply and more efficiently than through any other method.
-
- Finally, let me urge that the entire process be kept open. Industry needs
- to be more involved in the overall process. Decisions ought to be made in
- the market-place, not in Washington.
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